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Does "Optimal" Portfolio Construction Actually Pay Off?

An Out-of-Sample Test of Six Portfolio Construction Methods

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QuantSeeker
Apr 12, 2026
∙ Paid

Most investors spend their time deciding what to own. Fewer think deeply about how to weigh those holdings. Yet portfolio construction often determines diversification, drawdowns, turnover, and long-run returns just as much as asset selection and signal generation.

Many theoretical portfolio construction methods seem elegant, but few survive real market conditions.

In this post, I test six popular portfolio construction approaches across two very different universes, a multi-asset ETF portfolio and a diversified commodity futures basket, to see which methods actually held up out of sample, after trading costs.

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